In this part of the book Hofstadter writes about pattern-finding, analogy-making and the difficulty of finding out which parts of any given information are central and which are not.
Research has shown that there are many, many processes going on in parallel. Hofstadter describes these individual processes as islands (acquired by bottom-up processes, i.e. data-driven) which have to be connected by perceiving relationships (by applying top-down processing, i.e. goal-driven).
I believe that modeling this massive parallel processing is the key to enable an artificial system to act in an intelligent manner.
We will need to find out just what exactly are the smallest information units (i.e. islands) and which rules govern the process of deciding which islands are to be linked and which not.
I also enjoyed Hofstadter's analogy with respect to comparing human cognition to an ant colony very much. It seems dazzling to find out just what exactly which member of an ant colony is doing and which goal each member is trying to achieve. It is even ever more fascinating to find out what the colony as whole is capable of doing by merging the actions of the various members into a larger framework.
This kinds of thoughts shall be our starting point for further research...
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